Alien Earths: The New Science of Planet Hunting in the Cosmos

Alien Earths: The New Science of Planet Hunting in the Cosmos

by Lisa Kaltenegger
4.09 (456)  •  2024

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Spoiler: Dr. Ben Miles reaches out to the author and her team regarding their work at Cornell University, asking the question “Why is alien life so hard to find?” The author’s research suggests that we must leave behind our “Earth bias” and look for life that may not be based on water or carbon. Kaltenegger speaks about a technique called transit spectroscopy, or observing the light from a star as an exoplanet passes in front of it and then using that data to find out about the planet’s atmosphere, looking for signs that are signatures of life in the cosmos.
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Spoiler: The author begins by discussing her background in both science and engineering. She says that if she could go back in time to investigate one thing, it would be to see how life started. We have a lot of knowledge about what life is, but not about how to get from non-life to life. Life may have started on the surface of the Earth in a small pond, or on the bottom of the ocean, or in a little piece of water on an ice shelf that froze and unfroze, but Kaltenegger emphasizes that the discussion is “ongoing.”
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Spoiler: In this live presentation at The Royal Institution, Kaltenegger says that although we don’t yet know if there is life in the cosmos, for the first time we have the tools to find out. She asks the audience to count five stars every time they go out at night, and to know that one in five has a planet at the right distance (not too hot, not too cold) to possibly be a world; this one-in-five is something we know from NASA’s Kepler mission, launched in 2009.

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Lisa Kaltenegger

Lisa Kaltenegger, an award-winning astrophysicist and astrobiologist from Kuchl, Austria, is the Director of the Carl Sagan Institute at Cornell and an Associate Professor of Astronomy. She is a leading expert in modeling habitable worlds and their spectral fingerprints. Kaltenegger serves on the National Science Foundation's Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee and the NASA senior review of operating missions. She is also a Science Team Member of NASA's TESS Mission and the NIRISS instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope.

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